ALCAZAR (Andrés). Chirurgiae Libri sex in quibus multa antiquorum et recentiorum subobscura loca hactenus non declarata interpretantur Salmanticae (Salamanca), Portonariis, 1575. In-folio, soft vellum, modern slipcase (contemporary binding). 250 pp. 1 f. (printer's proof), 10 ff. (table). Very rare first edition of the only treatise published by Andrés Alcazar, a Spanish surgeon from Guadalajara who lived in the second half of the 16th century. The work, illustrated with woodcuts in the text, is divided into 6 books: diseases of the head (with illustrations of trepanning instruments), diseases of the nerves, diseases of the thorax and abdomen. The 5th book deals with syphilis (morbus gallicus, French disease). He maintains the ancient origin of the disease and admits that this type of affection took on a particular character towards the middle of the fifteenth century and was spread in Europe by the soldiers of Alfonso V, King of Aragon and the Duke of Anjou who, in 1456, were reduced to eating human flesh. The last book deals with the plague. Old annotations on the endpapers and in some margins. Unbound copy. Durling 103.