Lot no. 108
Leonardo Flores (La Paz, Bolivia, p. m. s. XVII – finales s. XVII - principios s. XVIII)
'Alegoría de Europa'
Óleo sobre tela.
131 x 210 cm.
El modelo iconográfico empleado en nuestra pintura se basa en la serie de grabados de los cuatro continentes creada por el pintor flamenco de estilo manierista Martin de Vos (Amberes 1532-1603). El artista los representa por primera vez desfilando en carros triunfales.
“La imagen de la alegoría de Europa se inspira en el triunfo de la Eternidad de Petrarca, y el carro está tirado por dos caballos y no por los tradicionales leones, que normalmente representan a este continente”, informa el catedrático José Miguel Morales Folguera en su muy interesante estudio para la revista “Quiroga”, en el que analiza el uso de fuentes gráficas en el biombo del Museo de Navarra.
Hay que recordar, como informa la doctora en Historia del Arte Mª Margarita Vila da Vila, “que en el Virreinato del Perú hay evidencia del interés por la temática mitológica y la historia antigua desde fines del siglo XVI. Lo mismo sucedió en los Virreinatos de la Nueva España y de la Nueva Granada, como testimonian los murales de la Casa del Deán de Puebla (México) –con hermosas figuras de Sibilas ecuestres y alegorías de los triunfos de las Virtudes, pintadas hacia 1580– y las de los dioses grecorromanos plasmados en la Casa del Escribano de Tunja (Colombia) hacia 1595. Respecto a la pintura histórica romana, J. de Mesa y T. Gisbert ya señalaron que en 1660 «14 lienzos medianos de los emperadores romanos» figuraban en la relación patrimonial cuzqueña de don Francisco de Villagra”.
Como informa Vila da Vila respecto del que sería nuestro pintor, activo en La Paz hacia 1684, “sabemos que Flores, vecino de La Paz, fue un pintor itinerante que trabajó en diversos pueblos de lo que hoy son Perú y Bolivia en torno a 1683. Su prestigio parece acreditado por el encargo de 18 lienzos que en 1684 le hizo el obispo de La Paz para las iglesias de Italaque y de Puerto Acosta. Ignoramos si llegó a la ciudad de La Plata o recibió encargos de escenas triunfales, pero se sabe que era pintor acostumbrado a trabajar con grabados y a ejecutar ambiciosas composiciones, repletas de adornadas figuras, referidas a escenas del Antiguo Testamento e inspiradas en la ‘Monarquía Hebrea’ de Vicente Bacallar y Sanna y en otras estampas flamencas”.
This lot comes from the Miguel Iglesias collection (Celendín, 1830 - Lima, 1909). He was a Peruvian military officer and politician who was president of Peru between 1882 and 1885, in what is known as the Government of Miguel Iglesias or Regenerating Government of the Peruvian Republic. This government was established in the middle phase of the War of the Pacific, an armed conflict between Chile and the allies Bolivia and Peru (1879-1884). He rose to power by designation of the constituent assembly in 1882, a year after the Chilean occupation of Lima, until he was exiled to Spain in the Peruvian civil war of 1884-1885.
A high point of his political-military legacy is the 'Grito de Montán', a manifesto in which he proclaimed the necessity of agreeing peace with Chile, even if this implied the cession of the southern provinces; the Treaty in Ancón or Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the republics of Chile and Peru, that put an end to the War of the Pacific and stabilized the post-war relations between them, where Peru ceded territory to Chile; and the Peruvian Civil War, between the Iglesias faction and that of the military leader Andrés Avelino Cáceres. The end of that war meant the exile of Iglesias to the south of Spain, where he moved with his descendants and his important art collection.
He returned to his native country when he was elected senator for Cajamarca and died in Lima in 1909. His remains, which had been buried in a mausoleum in Lima's Presbítero Maestro Cemetery, were moved to the Crypt of the Heroes in 2011, within the same cemetery.
Despite his return to Peru, his descendants continued to reside in Andalusia. There, his art collection has been preserved and has remained in the family, generation after generation, until the present day. Several lots from this collection are featured in the auction, from 92 to 106.
Provenance:
- Miguel Iglesias collection, military officer and president of Peru (1882 - 1885). Ayacucho Estate. Peru.
- From the end of the 19th century the descendants and the collection moved and settled in the south of Spain until the present day.
Pictures credits: Contact organization
Old paintings
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