New Spanish School. Follower of Francisco Zurbarán. 17th Century. “Immaculate Conception” Oil on canvas. 182 x 107 cm. Monumental representation of the Immaculate Conception belonging to the sphere of 17th-century New Spanish painting, clearly inspired by the models developed by Francisco de Zurbarán and widely disseminated throughout the American territories of the Spanish Empire. The work depicts the Virgin suspended upon clouds and cherub heads, enveloped in a luminous and celestial atmosphere of profound Counter-Reformation spirituality. The composition fully adheres to the Sevillian iconographic model consolidated during the Spanish Golden Age, in which Mary is represented as the apocalyptic woman described in the Book of Revelation: crowned, surrounded by celestial radiance, and conceived as a symbol of absolute purity. The delicate inclination of the face, the hands joined in prayer, and the gentle idealization of the features directly recall Zurbarán’s Immaculate prototypes, here reinterpreted with the sensitivity and refinement characteristic of the New Spanish artistic sphere. Particularly noteworthy is the treatment of the draperies and the chromatic richness of deep blues and wine-red tones, articulated through delicate glazes and refined golden highlights. The monumental breadth of the mantle, together with the sculptural serenity of the figure, reveals the strong influence of Sevillian Baroque painting, while the overall luminosity of the composition and the sweetness of the cherubs introduce a visual language closer to American sensibility. The numerous angels and winged heads surrounding the Virgin create an ascending composition of great devotional impact, highly characteristic of New Spanish religious painting intended for churches, convents, and spaces of private contemplation. In the lower section unfolds a delicate idealized landscape incorporating symbolic architectural references, evoking the Heavenly Jerusalem and reinforcing the triumphant and universal character of the Immaculate Virgin. The iconography of the Immaculate Conception held extraordinary importance throughout the American territories, where the defense of the Immaculate dogma was embraced with particular fervor by religious orders, urban corporations, and Creole elites. The dissemination of models derived from Zurbarán in New Spain contributed decisively to consolidating an image of the Virgin characterized by spiritual purity, silent monumentality, and intense devotional power. The present work constitutes a magnificent example of the assimilation and reinterpretation of great Sevillian Baroque painting within the New Spanish sphere of the 17th century. Through its quality, dimensions, and powerful spiritual presence, this Immaculate Conception stands out as a remarkable testimony to the artistic dialogue between Spain and the Americas during the Golden Age.