PTOLÉMÉE. Ptolemæus auctus, restitutus, emaculatus, cum tabulis veteribus ac novis. Strasbourg, Johann Schott, 1520, large folio (44.5 x 30 cm), red morocco half-basin with small corners, smooth spine decorated with triple gilt fillets, smooth edges (Early 19th century binding). The first modern atlas. Second edition of Ptolemy's Geography translated into Latin and illustrated by Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann, published in Strasbourg in 1513 and reprinted in 1520 by the printer Johann Schott at the expense of Georg Übelin. This was the first time that a genuine atlas of modern maps had been added to the Ptolemaic maps, which had been in use since 1482. The work is dedicated to Charles V. The title is printed in black within a large woodcut frame depicting the Fates at the top and the Judgement of Paris at the bottom, which is repeated at the end of the text around the printer's mark. The text is printed in two columns in Latin with words in Greek characters. It is decorated with a number of handsome woodcut lettering and includes four figures in the text, one of which is full-page (Sphæra in plano). The atlas itself forms the second part of the volume. It contains 47 maps, 45 of which are double-page spreads. The modern part of the atlas, produced by the geographer Martin Waldseemüller, consists of 20 maps printed with the wood from the 1513 edition, with the exception of the map of Switzerland, which has been regrained. It includes a full-page map of the Duchy of Lorraine printed in three colours (black, red and ochre) and 19 double-page maps, including Waldseemüller's famous planisphere (Orbis typus universalis) drawn around 1505-1506 ; an extremely important map of the West Indies and America, known as the first map specifically devoted to the New World ever published in an atlas (Tabula Terre Nove, known as the "Admiral's Map" in reference to Christopher Columbus, who is named in it - South America, beyond the coasts, is still captioned Terra incognita); 13 maps devoted to Europe, showing the British Isles, Spain, France, Eastern Europe (Hungary, Poland, Russia, Prussia, Wallachia), Germany, Italy and Sicily (two maps), Scandinavia, the Balkans (Bosnia, Serbia, Greece, Slavonia), Switzerland, the course of the Rhine and Crete; the last 5 represent North and South Africa, Asia Minor, the Holy Land and India. The 27 Ptolemaic maps include a world map in conic projection surrounded by the twelve winds, 10 maps describing Europe, 4 for Africa and 12 for Asia. This atlas is extremely rare: only one complete copy of this second edition has come up for sale since 1975, and none since 2009. A complete copy bound in the early years of the 19th century and enriched on this occasion with a long Bibliographical Note and a handwritten Table of Contents at the beginning and end of the volume. The double-page maps have been mounted on tabs. The last two have a 17th century signature on the verso: De Verny, dated 20 August 1617 (?). Old handwritten bookplate of Charles-François Chardin on the title. From the Guillebot de Nerville library, with ex-libris and autograph bibliographical note dated 1898 on a flyleaf. Mottling in the text and on some maps, including the planisphere; title doubled (verso white) with marginal losses affecting the bottom of the frame; Ptolemaic world map trimmed a little too short at the foot with slight damage to the bottom of the engraving; minor repairs in the margins and corners of some text leaves and some maps; minor rubbing to the binding. Adams, P-2220 - Pastoureau, p. 373: Ptolemy B - Sabin, n°66480 - Phillips 366.