Viceregal School. Cuzco. Peru. 18th Century. 'Saint James in the Battle of Clavijo' Oil on canvas. 123 x 93 cm. We contemplate the miraculous intervention of the apostle St. James (known in Spanish as Santiago) in the Battle of Clavijo (May of the year 844), a battle during the period of the Reconquista. It was led by King Ramiro I of Asturias and commanded by General Sancho Fernández de Tejada against the troops of Emir Abderramán II. This painting justified the so-called 'Voto de Santiago,' or the commitment that the Christian monarchs of the kingdoms of Asturias, Galicia, León, and Castile made to victory in the supposed Battle of Clavijo, which is considered to be a mythical interpretation of the second Battle of Aldelba. In the painting, with the tender, delicate, and almost childlike features characteristic of Cuzco painting, we see the physical intervention of Saint James on horseback to protect the Christian king at a moment of particular danger, changing the fate that had seemed to be decided in favour of the Muslims. It reflects a triumphant narrative in the National History of the Christian Kings against the Muslim invasion, depicting the struggles between Moors and Christians.